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GRANT ALLEN
Novelist and Miscellaneous Writer
Born
Alwington,
An Annotated Bibliography of His Non-fiction
Last revised:
This
bibliography is intended to help students of Grant Allen by listing everything
from his pen and providing annotations for most items. A lot of Grant
Allen's non-fiction first appeared anonymously. The unsigned articles he wrote for
the big monthlies like the Cornhill, or the ones which he later
collected in books under his own name, are easily identified. But his many dozens
of contributions to the dailies and weeklies – particularly to the Daily
News in the late 70s and the Pall Mall Gazette and the St James's
Gazette in the early 80s – are another matter. I have taken a
conservative position, listing unsigned contributions only where the
attribution is certain, either because there are internal autobiographical
references or because the article treats of subjects which GA took up again
elsewhere in the same fashion. This has meant passing over numerous short
essays and (especially) reviews which on stylistic grounds I am fairly sure,
but not certain, are GA's work. At a guess, GA's total non-fiction output is
understated in this bibliography by perhaps 15%. For example, it is certain
that he contributed articles on natural history, as well as leaders and
reviews, to the Daily News and
the Globe, but I can trace none. The Academy had some
reviews signed, so GA's contributions to that weekly give some small notion of
the extent and variety of his reviewing work, nearly all of which was
anonymous. The recent extension of the Athenaeum index to 1893 has also uncovered a few more unsigned reviews.
My thanks to Michael
Wynn, Victor Berch and others for contributing obscure items to this listing.
I
seek eagerly more details and corrections. There is a section
on unresolved problems at the end. Contact me at peter.morton AT
flinders.edu.au.
All
printed bibliographies of Allen's non-fiction are unsatisfactory. Even the New
Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature is slightly inaccurate and
incomplete in its entries for GA's books. The bibliographies in the three
volumes of the Dictionary of Literary Biography (Gale) which have
articles on GA also have omissions and some minor errors. All of these ignore
GA's uncollected work for the periodicals: given his relatively short writing
career of 22 years, this output is perfectly astounding in its extent and
range. The best available printed bibliography is by Phil Stephensen-Payne and Virgil
Utter (Galactic Central Publications, 1999), but it too is extremely incomplete,
and its contents (with the author's permission) have been absorbed here. I have
personally inspected nearly all the items listed below. In a few cases page
numbers are missing because I have been unable to examine a run of the
periodical in question, eg. because
the British Newspaper Library, Colindale holding is 'unfit for use'.
The Library of Congress,
the University of Toronto Library and the University of California libraries
seem to hold the fullest collections of GA's books.
All items are signed
'Grant Allen', and books were published in one volume, unless stated otherwise.
This assemblage of materials and the annotations are of course copyright. PM.
Abbreviations:
CIHM=Canadian Institute for Historical
Microreproductions, Ottawa
Penn=Rare Books and Manuscripts, the
Pennsylvania State University Libraries
CW=Chatto & Windus Archives, University of
Reading Library
No man,
probably, ever became by choice a professional writer, a “bookseller's
hack,” as our ancestors bluntly but forcibly phrased it. A trade so
ill-paid and so overworked would gain no recruits, except for dire necessity.
Men are driven into literature, as they are driven into crime, by hunger alone.
The most hateful of professions (as a profession, I mean), it becomes tolerable
only from a sense of duty to wife and family, or the primary instinct of
self-preservation. The wages are low; the prizes few and often fallacious; the
work is so hard that it kills or disables most men who undertake it before they
arrive at middle life. . . . – 'The Trade of Author' (1889).
Philosophy and science were the first loves
of my youth. . . . I had a ten years' hard struggle for bread, into the details
of which I don't care to enter. It left me broken in health and spirit, with
all the vitality and vivacity crushed out of me. I suppose the object of this
series of papers is to warn off ingenuous and aspiring youth from the hardest
worked and worst paid of the professions. If so, I would say earnestly to the
ingenuous and aspiring -- 'Brain for brain, in no market can you sell your
abilities to such poor advantage. Don't take to literature if you've capital
enough in hand to buy a good broom, and energy enough to annex a vacant
crossing. -- My First Book (1892).
1869
GA was a
student at Merton, Oxford 1867-71 and briefly co-editor of this magazine, so
minor that no information about it is included in the Waterloo Directory. It lasted for 2 issues. At the age of 20 he
married Caroline Bootheway, who was 22, in Sep 1868.
The Positive Aspect of Communism
This is less about communism that the state of sexual morality and what it
portends. The youthful (and married) GA refers to 'the present chaotic state of
public morality, in the restricted sense of the term, throughout Europe, and
especially in its most highly civilised quarters, in a phenomenon full of
import to those who would carefully decypher the enigma of history. … It was
in France that the laxity of morals, now so prevalent throughout, first showed
itself. I do not desire to condone or to palliate the loose and careless state
of public feeling on this subject. . . . I merely wish to point out the latent
cause by which it is produced, and the influence that it will probably exert on
the history of the times. . . . the licentiousness which we see in the reign of
Napoleon III. is complete and universal, and is infecting every relation of
domestic life. (107) / … Communism, or some form of government closely
resembling it, is the goal towards which every movement of the most civilised
members of our race is at present tending' (109).
1. Oxford University Magazine and Review, 2 (Dec 1869), 97-109.
1871-2
GA graduated in the summer of 1871 and taught Classics in schools at Brighton,
Cheltenham (where his wife died in Mar 1872) and Reading.
1873-6
GA remarried (to
Nellie Jerrard, daughter of a butcher at Lyme Regis) and taught at Queen's
College, Spanish Town, Jamaica.
1876
GA, possibly travelling alone, returned to England from Jamaica in the autumn
of this year, probably via North America.
JULY 1876
Force and Energy
GA's first 'commercial' article. Uses 'force' in a unique sense to mean
'attractive' power; and 'energy' to mean 'repulsive' power—these are the
same sterile distinctions GA later elaborated into a whole book. Refers to
Spencer as 'that profound and encyclopedic philosopher who has been the first
in the history of our race to attempt the vast task of systematizing the whole
circle of existences' (29). Probably a reworking of an untraced pamphlet GA
says he circulated in 1875.
1. Canadian Monthly and National Review, 10 (July 1876),
20-31.
1877
Physiological Aesthetics
As GA wrote, 'the title alone will be enough for most people'. This treatise,
which tries explain aesthetics in terms of the physiology of the senses, was
partly drafted in Jamaica and cost GA 120 pounds to have published. It was
dedicated to Herbert Spencer, 'the greatest of living philosophers'. It fell
mostly on deaf ears but it secured him the attention of influential men and
launched him on his career as a scientific and general writer.
1. London: Henry S. King, 1877.
2. New York: D. Appleton, 1877.
3. New York/London: Garland, 1977. The Decadent Consciousness: A Hidden
Archive of Late Victorian Literature series. [Facsimile of the King, 1877 ed.]
4. Ottawa: CIHM, 1984. Four microfiches of the King, 1877 ed. Copy in
the University of Saskatchewan Library. Series #05060.
5. Boston: Elibron, 2001. [Facsimile of the King, 1877 ed., in print
& eBook formats.]
OCTOBER 1877
Mr Sully on Physiological Aesthetics
The editor of Mind from 1876 was GA's friend George Croom Robertson,
Grote Professor of Mind and Logic, UC London. Mind was the first UK
psychology journal. This piece challenged some points in Sully's review of GA's
first book.
1. Mind, 1 (Oct 1877), 574-578.
NOVEMBER 1877
Carving a Cocoa-nut
First 'commercial' UK publication. How quite advanced aesthetic considerations
control the manufacture and decoration of even the simplest of utensils.
'it brought me in twelve guineas. That was the very first money I earned in
literature. I had been out of work for months, the abolition of my post in
Jamaica having thrown me on my beam-ends, and I was overjoyed at so much wealth
poured suddenly in upon me.' Leslie Stephen was ed. (from Apr1871- Dec 1882),
then James Payn, Jan 83-Jun 96. The Cornhill's circulation was about
12,000 copies/month. Tone described in the Wellesley Index as 'polite
entertainment coupled with information of the least disconcerting kind'. (quot.
Waterloo, 2, 1261.)
1. Cornhill Magazine, 36 (Oct 1877), 461-472. Unsigned.
Aesthetic Analysis of an Obelisk
Allen's first appearance (probably pirated) in this US magazine, founded 1872.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 36 (Nov 1877), 589-600. Signed 'G.A.'
2. Popular Science Monthly Supplement, 7-12 (1878),
152-159.
1878
JANUARY 1878
Dissecting a Daisy
Appeal of flowers to human aesthetic sensibilities, even though they evolved in
parallel with, and to appeal to, insects.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 37 (Jan 1878), 61-75. Signed 'G.A.'.
2. Popular Science Monthly Supplement, 7-12 (1878),
329-338.
Development of the Sense of Colour
1. Mind, 3 (Jan 1878), 129-132.
FEBRUARY 1878 GA's 30th birthday
APRIL 1878
Note-deafness
1. Mind, 3 (Apr 1878), 157-167.
2. La surdite musicale. [A summary in French]. Revue philosophique de
la France et de l'etranger, 5 (1878), 574-575.
3. Living Age, 137 (11 May 1878), 353-358.
An Epicurean Tour
The great merits of food in America. Says conclusively that he was sent 'during
the summer of last year', ie 1877, on a scientific mission to America by
a 'learned society' to collect meteorological statistics. He arrived first in
NY and was apparently travelling alone. (Clodd, 57 says his wife preceded him
to England by some months.) Obviously this was en route for his return
to England but the other personal details may be invented.
First piece for the Belgravia. This
was read later (in the 1890s) almost entirely for its short fiction, but
in its earlier years it published miscellaneous articles. GA got his start in
fiction there. The editor was M.E. Braddon from 1866 to Feb 1876 and again
Jan1890-1893. Chatto had the editorial role from 1876 and the firm was the
owner. G.A. Sala was a frequent contributor. Designed for a genteel lady
public.
1. Belgravia: A London Magazine, 35 (Apr 1878), 154-166.
Unsigned.
MAY 1878
The Origin of Flowers
Mostly on coloration and fertilisation; probably part of GA's work on the
evolution of colour senses.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 37 (May 1878), 534-550. Signed
'G.A.'
2. Popular Science Monthly Supplement, 13-20 (1878),
151-161.
3. Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science and Art, 28 (Aug
1878), 129-141. Unsigned.
The Book of the Week. Tropical Nature
Long review of A.R. Wallace's Tropical Nature. Obviously by GA as it
mentions the common fallacy that tropical forests are colourful—which he
used in a following essay. GA's natural, conversational style had not yet emerged
in these London pieces: he adopts the stiff, pompous verbose style
current in this type of journalism; eg this sample: ' [Wallace] desires a
certain evidence for the invisible and immaterial with such fervour, that he
has been occasionally tempted to seek a proof by the illogical method of
employing his eyes and his fingers to see and to handle it. His coquetry with
that special form of necromancy which calls itself Spiritualism will be fresh
in the memory of many readers…' (379) etc etc.
London, 3 (18 May 1878), 378-9. Unsigned.
JUNE 1878
The Great Tropical Fallacy
Jaundiced denunciation of the supposed 'romance' of the tropics, drawing on
GA's experiences in Jamaica.
1. By J. Arbuthnot Wilson. Belgravia: A London Magazine,
35 (June 1878), 413-425.
2. By J. Arbuthnot Wilson. Popular Science Monthly Supplement,
13-20 (1878), 200-206.
3. Living Age, 138 (20 July 1878), 174-181.
4. By J. Arbuthnot Wilson. Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature,
Science and Art, 28 (Aug 1878), 217-224.
JULY 1878
The Origin of the Sublime
1. Mind, 3 (July 1878), 324-339.
2. L'Origine du sublime. [A summary in French.] Revue philosophique
de la France et de l'etranger, 6 (1878), 431-432.
AUGUST 1878
The Origin of Fruits
1. Cornhill Magazine, 38 (Aug 1878), 174-188. Signed
'G.A.'
2. Popular Science Monthly, 13 (Sep 1878), 597-611.
Hellas and Civilisation
1. Gentleman's Magazine, 243 (Aug 1878), 156-170.
2. Popular Science Monthly Supplement, 13-20 (1878),
398-406.
OCTOBER 1878
Colour in Painting
1. Cornhill Magazine, 38 (Oct 1878), 476-493. Signed
'G.A.'
2. Color in Painting. Popular Science Monthly Supplement
(Addendum), 13-20 (1878), 14-24.
Among the Thousand Islands
Details of 'camping out' in considerable luxury on the privately owned Mathison
Island, presumably in the summer of 1877. He refers in passing to the Canadian
farmer 'that mild modern Vandal with a tinge of Methodism' who has produced 'a
Philistine paradise of agricultural wealth and prosperity, where every man eats
roast beef and pudding under his own vine and fig-tree, while nobody troubles
his head about useless trifles like the picturesque and the beautiful' (415).
And at this early date, of the habits of the American young woman: 'Engaged
couples start alone to spend a week at some hotel among the
1. By J. Arbuthnot Wilson.
NOVEMBER 1878
Nation-making: a Theory of National Characters
The GM was
owned by Bradbury Evans and Co. from 1877 to 1905, and Chatto & Windus
1905-1907. Directed at a middle to upper class public
of fair education.
1. Gentleman's Magazine, 243 (Nov 1878), 580-591.
2. Popular Science Monthly Supplement (Addendum), 13-20
(1878), 121-127.
The Colour-Sense
Letter to editor announcing thesis of his next book: that a lack of colour
terms results from 'a defect of language closely connected with the small
number of dyes or artificial pigments known to the various tribes. To establish
this result I have sent a number of circular letters to missionaries,
Government officials, and other persons having relations with native
uncivilised races in all parts of the world; and their answers to my queries,
framed so as to distinguish carefully between perception and language, in every
case bear out the theory. . .'
1. Nature, 19 (
The “Diversions of Priestley”
Powerful pieces describing and denouncing horrible experiments on animals using
vanadium as a poison. In the third piece he refers to Cromwell Mortimer's
experiments with a laurel-water infusion, showing that it was lethal to dogs.
GA uses this as a means of suicide in Under
Sealed Orders.
1879
The Colour-sense: Its Origin and Development. An Essay in Comparative
Psychology
More than half of this book is devoted to a close
description of the evolution of colour vision in insects, birds and animals.
The interaction between the means of vegetable reproduction (flowers and
fruits) and insects, birds and animals in facilitating this is explained as the
ultimate cause of colour vision. However, the actual occasion of the
book—chapters 11 onwards deal with it—was a lively if brief debate
of the day about whether humans' colour vision evolved in historical times. The
case for this was first put by William Gladstone in a paper which pursued an
anti-evolutionary argument (Nineteenth
Century, 2 (1877).) He claimed that the Homeric poems show little awareness
of colour, and that the philological evidence is that 3000 years ago people
could not distinguish red, blue, green and yellow. GA had no problem
demolishing this argument. His treatise, for which he made exhaustive inquiries
of people as far away as
1.
2.
3. Der Farbensinn, sein Ursprung und seine Entwicklung. [Translation into German].
4. Der Farbensinn. [Translation into German].
Jetzt,
5. Second edition.
6.
7.
JANUARY 1879
Down the Rapids
A trip by river boat along the St Lawrence from
1. By J.Arbuthnot Wilson.
How Plants Provide for the Future
1.
FEBRUARY
1879
GA writes to his friend Nicholson, asking him to help him to any kind
of literary employment.
MARCH
1879
Violets and Primroses
A standard
botanical account, stressing the reproductive arrangements.
1.
The Adventures of an English Christian Name
Origin of the name 'John' and its equivalents in other languages.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 39 (Mar 1879), 323-334. Signed 'G.A.'
Why Do We Eat our Dinner?
Physiology and chemistry of nutrition and digestion.
1.
2. Popular Science Monthly, 14 (Apr 1879), 799-810.
3. Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science and Art, 29 (May
1879), 592-599.
APRIL 1879
[Letter replying to A.R. Wallace's review of The Colour-sense]
Wallace's fairly critical, closely-argued review had appeared in the issue of
1. Nature, 19 (
Review of] Habit and Intelligence: a Series of Essays on the Laws of Life
and Mind by John Joseph Murphy
1. Mind, 4 (Apr 1879), 274-278.
Mr G.S. Hall on the Perception of Colour
1. Mind, 4 (Apr 1879), 267-268.
2. Le Sens de la couleur. [A
summary in French.] Revue philosophique de la France et de l'etranger,
MAY 1879
[Review of] Evolution, Old and New by Samuel Butler
The Academy gave science special
prominence. CE Dobell was ed. 78-81; J.S. Cotton, 81-96; Charles Hind Nov
96-1903.
1. Academy: A Weekly Review of Literature, Science, and Art, 15 (
A Problem in Human Evolution
On the loss of body hair in humans. GA's first
appearance in the great journal of radicalism, agnosticism, scientism and all
progressive causes. John Morley (also ed. of the Pall Mall Gazette)
was ed Jan 1867- Oct 1882; T.H.S. Escott (N82-Ju86),
then Frank Harris (Jul86-Oct94), then WL Courtney, Dec94-. GA contributed 29
articles to it, including all his most incendiary ones in the Harris tenure.
Its circulation was around 2500/month.
1. Fortnightly Review, 31 (May 1879), 778-786.
2. Popular Science Monthly, 15 (June 1879), 250-258.
3. Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science and Art, 30
(July 1879), 57-62.
Half an Hour at Didcot Junction
Reflections on the history of a man's name spotted while waiting for a train.
1. By J.Arbuthnot Wilson.
JUNE 1879
'Pleased with a Feather'
A tiny feather pulled idly from a cushion starts a
meditation on the evolution of feathers and birds, even though 'a murky
1. Cornhill Magazine, 39 (June 1879), 712-722. Signed
'G.A.'
2. Popular Science Monthly, 15 (July 1879), 366-376.
A Fragment from Keats
Minute & clever reading of lines from Eve of St Agnes.
1. Gentleman's Magazine, 244 (June 1879), 676-686.
The Physiology of Memory
Promotes an explanation about nerve pathways, due first to Bain.
1. Journal of Education, 1 (
JULY 1879
The Origin of the Sense of Symmetry
1. Mind, 4 (July 1879), 301-316.
2. L'Origine du sens de la symetrie. [Summary in French].
Revue philosophique de la France et de l'etranger,
8 (1879), 442.
The Human Face Divine
How the 'prominent muzzle of the original semi-human ape grew slowly into that
most beautiful of earthly forms – the Human Face divine.' The 'most
human' face is that of the 'civilised Aryan; the most simian is that of the
African Bushman.' Those of negroes, Andaman islanders,
and Indian hill-tribesmen are 'more brutish' and 'to put it in the truest way,
more ape-like' (167). At first sight, Chinese and Japanese are a problem: they
are prognathous and noseless, signs of primitivism, yet have are quite
civilised. How to explain? They seem civilised, but actually show 'every mark
of arrested development. The Chinese language is in the most infantile
state of human speech, known as the monosyllabic; the writing is not
alphabetical, the civilisation is stationary, the mental powers almost purely
imitative.' (180) A valuable illustration of the point
that, just as racism based on cultural/political factors was falling into
decline, an even cruder set of prejudices was being reinforced by Darwinian
biology. It is not absolutely certain this is by GA, but the style matches his.
Identified as GA in Wellesley.
1. New Quarterly Magazine, 2 n.s (July 1879), 166-182. Unsigned.
[Note on the Burmese Sense of Colour]
1. Mind, 4 (July 1879), 299.
Some New Books
Reviews Eliot's Theophrastus Such; Browning's Dramatic Idylls; Stevenson's
Travels with a Donkey. GA was disgusted with Stevenson's
ill-treatment of his donkey: 'above all, if he had not used that wooden goad,
with its eighth of an inch of pin . . . most Englishmen will feel pained rather
than amused by the description of poor Modestine's many stripes, or of her
foreleg “no better that raw beef on the inside”.'
1. Fortnightly Review, 32 (July 1879), 144-154.
AUGUST 1879
Among the
A chatty, circumstantial account of a holiday trip
from
1. By J.Arbuthnot Wilson.
Justice to William
GA was inundated with letters after his earlier piece, and here extends his
exposition to another first name.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 40 (Aug 1879), 202-212. Signed 'G.A.'
OCTOBER 1879
GA fell very ill and his friends raised a subscription
to send him to the
DECEMBER 1879
The History of Haconby
An imaginary English settlement, whose entire history in outline, from the
remotest times, is sketched here.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 40 (Dec 1879), 707-721. Signed
'G.A.'
A Sidelight on Gray's 'Bard'
1. Gentleman's Magazine, 245 (Dec 1879), 721-734.
1880
FEBRUARY 1880
Chippers of
The long evolution of stone and bone implements.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 41 (Feb 1880), 189-200. Signed
'G.A.'
2. Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science and Art,
31 (May 1881), 599-608.
MARCH 1880
The Philosophy of Drawing-rooms
GA's first article on interior decoration; offers an insight into later-Victorian
taste; he recommends pulling out pallid marble fireplaces, for example. Arthur
Liberty (the shop was founded 1875) combined the aesthetic and commercial; it
was very different to the anti-commercial and anti-technological aesthetic of
the Arts and Crafts movement. This was more GA's inspiration.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 41 (Mar 1880), 312-326. Signed
'G.A.'
APRIL 1880
Pain and Death
1. Mind, 5 (Apr 1880), 201-216.
2. La douleur et la mort. [Summary
in French.] Revue philosophique de la France et
de l'etranger, 10 (1880), 233-235.
MAY 1880
A Pilgrimage to Vallauris
A trip out from
1. Cornhill Magazine, 41 (May 1880), 557-570. Signed 'G.A.'
The English Chronicle
1. Gentleman's Magazine, 246 (May 1880), 543-559.
Wintering in
1. By J.Arbuthnot Wilson.
JUNE 1880
Geology and History
An impressively wide-ranging account of how geology, especially industrial
resources and building materials, have influenced agriculture, manufactures,
art and science.
1. Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country, 21 (June 1880),
769-780.
2. Popular Science Monthly, 17 (Aug 1880), 495-507.
3. Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science and Art, 32
(Aug 1880), 228-236.
A Sprig of Crowfoot
The leaves of a semi-aquatic plant. This essay marks the beginning of
GA's astonishing output of middles for the up-market daily press. The SJG
first appeared
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. A Sprig of Water Crowfoot. The Evolutionist
at Large (1881).
Microscopic Brains
What is the thinkable universe of an ant? Largely one of
smell.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
A Wayside
Reproductive strategies of the strawberry.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
In Summer Fields
Instinctive enmities among animals.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
JULY 1880
[Review of] The Religion of the Future
by John Beattie Crozier
1. Mind, 5 (July 1880), 432-434.
Cimabue and Coal-scuttles
On 'savage' versus 'civilised' tastes in the
decorative arts and interior decoration.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 42 (July 1880), 61-76. Signed 'G.A.'
“The Venerable Bede”
1. Gentleman's Magazine, 247 (July 1880), 84-100.
A Study of Bones
The evolution of tail-bones of various animals.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Slugs and Snails
Why natural selection has removed the shell, in slugs.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Cuckoo-pint
'In the bank which supports the hedge, beside this little hanger on the flank
of Black Down, the glossy arrow-headed leaves of the common arum form at this
moment beautiful masses of vivid green foliage. “Cuckoo-pint” is
the pretty poetical old English name for the plant; but village children know it
better by the equally quaint and fanciful title of “lords and
ladies” . . . there is hardly a plant in the field around me which has
not a history as strange as this one.' Relationship with GMag article needs
checking.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Blue Mud
The blue lias mud and fossils at Lyme Regis.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Speckled Trout
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Berries and Berries
Various kinds of fruity berries which attract birds.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Distant Relations
The tadpole as the most primitive vertebrate.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Among the Heather
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
3. Library of the World's Best Literature, vol. 1. ed. Warner. J.A. Hill, 1902.
Dodder and Broomrape
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Flat Fish
Covers much of the ground of a Cornhill article
on Soles.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (
AUGUST 1880
The Education of Young Astronomers
1. Science, 1:7 (August 1880), 82.
A Pretty Land-shell
On the oddities of the Cyclostoma snail.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (3 Aug 1880), 14. Unsigned.
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
[Review of] The West Indies by Charles H. Eden
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (3 Aug 1880), 14. Unsigned.
Dog's Mercury and Plantain
Examples of 'degraded' plants.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (4 Aug 1880), 13-14. Unsigned.
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
The Origin of Walnuts
Survival mechanisms in nuts.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (7 Aug 1880), 13. Unsigned.
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Butterfly Psychology
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (11 Aug 1880), 13. Unsigned.
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Butterfly Aesthetics
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (14 Aug 1880), 13. Unsigned.
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Bindweed
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (18 Aug 1880), 13. Unsigned.
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Dogs and Masters
'Probably the most forlorn and abject creature to be seen on the face of the
earth is a masterless dog'.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (20 Aug 1880), 13. Unsigned.
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Thistles
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (25 Aug 1880), 13. Unsigned.
Blackcock
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (28 Aug 1880), 13. Unsigned.
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
[Review of] The Past in the Present by Arthur Mitchell
Apparently GA's first review for the Athenaeum.
1. Athenaeum, 28 Aug 1880, 274-6. Unsigned.
A Jamaica Hurricane
'The town of Kingston, Jamaica – a ruinous mass
of flat wooden shops and houses, in every stage of decay – stands on a
low basking plain, scarcely a foot or two above the level of the sea, and
stretching inland with hardly a perceptible rise. . . . The damage that may be
done by one of these tornadoes can only be fully understood by those who know
the peculiarities of West Indian architecture. Kingston is a town of decayed
wooden houses, built for the most part of nothing but Venetian blinds. The
lower portion of each wall is composed of brick, above which a few posts give
support to the roof, while the interspaces are filled up with jalousies, once
green, but generally faded to an indescribable dusty olive hue. From the days
of emancipation onward most of these tenements have been in a progressive state
of decay . . . the whole population, some 40,000 in number, mostly negroes of
the most idle and improvident class, live closely crowded in tumble-down
houses, many of them originally built for wealthy merchants or planters . . .
To sleep in the dust of the streets and to eat yam cooked over an open fire
will be no novelty and no great hardship to three-fourths of the population of
Kingston. But English ladies and children may suffer terribly from exposure,
dearth of suitable food, and inevitable fever'.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (31 Aug 1880), 12-13. Unsigned.
SEPTEMBER 1880
Landowning and Copyright
1. Fraser's Magazine for Town and Country, 21 (Sep 1880),
343-356.
The Dog's Universe
1. Gentleman's Magazine, 247 (Sep 1880), 287-301.
2. Appleton's Magazine, 9 (Dec 1880), 545-552.
The Ways of Orthodox Critics
Spencer claimed he fed GA the materials for this article. Duncan, ed., 211.
Josiah Royce warned William James that this was an 'ill-natured storm of
words'. See Correspondence of William
James, eds. Ignas K. Skrupskelis & Elizabeth M. Berkley. University Press
of Virginia, 1997, 5, 554.
1. Fortnightly Review, 34 (Sep 1880), 273-299.
The Growth of Sculpture
Evolution of painting and sculpture in the earliest civilisations –
formed especially by the nature of the materials to hand. GA's first fully
signed piece for the Cornhill.
1. Cornhill Magazine, 42 (Sep 1880), 273-293.
2. Appleton's Journal, 9 (Nov 1880), 420-432.
Aesthetic Feeling in Birds
1. Popular Science Monthly, 17 (Sep 1880), 650-663.
A Doubtful British Mollusc
Letter about a continental snail picked up 'when I was a schoolboy' at
Kinver, near Stourbridge, close to the grounds of Enville, where there are
foreign shrubs. This area is only about 20km from Birmingham. This letter is
addressed from 'Broad Street, Lyme Regis'.
1. Nature, 22 (9 Sep 1880), 435.
On Cornish Cliffs
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (7 Sep 1880), 12-13. Unsigned.
2. The Evolutionist at Large (1881).
Nasturtium
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (16 Sep 1880), 13. Unsigned. Attribution
probable.
“Claims of Long Descent”
Resemblances between donkey and zebra. Mentions mules in Jamaica.
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (20 Sep 1880), 12-13. Unsigned.
Another “Missing Link”
1. St James's Gazette, 1 (23 Sep 1880), 12-13. Unsigned.
Attribution probable.
OCTOBER
1880
Aesthetic Evolution in Man
Draws on the Descent, 1871: also combines eugenic ideas. Insists that
the beauty of the female form must be the 'central standard' for people. The
beautiful must be defined as 'the healthy, the normal, the strong, the
perfect, and the parentally sound' otherwise race suicide beckons.
1. Mind, 5 (Oct 1880), 430-464.
2. Popular Science Monthly, 18 (Jan 1881), 339-356.
3. L'evolution esthetique chez l'homme. [Summary in French.] Revue
philosophique de la France et de l'etr