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GRANT ALLENGRANT ALLEN

Novelist and Miscellaneous Writer
Born Alwington, Kingston, Ontario 24 Feb 1848 - Died Hindhead, Surrey 25 Oct 1899

An Annotated Bibliography of Secondary Source Materials:
Bibliographical, Biographical, Critical

Last revised: Sat 26 May 2007

Very few bibliographical items are listed here as all the accurate information in the sources known to me has been assimilated into my bibliographies on this website, except for Wolff’s descriptive notes. The biographical material is selective in that sketches of his career in reference books which are obviously copied from earlier sources are not included. All the printed biographical articles known to me about GA contain minor inaccuracies. Here also are details of works which bear on the socio-economics of GA’s career as an author.
Place of publication is London or New York, unless stated otherwise. I’m grateful to many people who have given me leads to these references. The biographical sources aim to list everything of substance; I will be glad to hear of any other source of reliable information.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Adburgham, Alison. Shops and Shopping 1800-1914: Where, and in What Manner the Well-dressed Englishwoman Bought Her Clothes. 2nd ed. Barrie & Jenkins, 1981.
Detail for GA on interior decoration, his ‘Liberty’ phase etc.

Adcock, A. St John. ‘The Literary Life,’ in Modern Grub Street and Other Essays. Herbert & Daniel, [1913].

Addleshaw, Percy. ‘[Review of] The Woman Who Did,’ Academy, 47 (2 March 1895), 186-187. 
Addleshaw, Percy. [Letter in reply to Grant Allen’s comments on review of] The Woman Who Did. Academy, 47 (16 March 1895), 351.

Alden, William L. ‘[Review of] The Woman Who Did,’ The Idler, 7 (February-July 1895), 565-567.
Alden, William L. 'London Literary Letter,' New York Times -- Saturday Review, 14 October 1899, 700, column 1.
Reporting illness of GA.
Alden, William L. 'London Literary Letter,' New York Times -- Saturday Review, 25 November 1899, 790, column 2.
Death of GA: ‘Allen was in his way an encyclopaedia. He knew most things, and of many things he had a complete and exhaustive knowledge. Genealogy was one of his hobbies, and he knew more about the origin of English families than is known at the Herald’s office’.

 

Allen, Joseph Antisell. ‘Some Curiosities of Criticism,’ The Week, 10:16 (Mar 1893), 372.

 

Altick, Richard D. ‘The Sociology of Authorship: The Social Origins, Education, and Occupations of 1,100 British Writers, 1800-1935,’ Bulletin of the New York Public Library, 66 (June 1962), 389-404.

Amigoni, David. 'Carving Coconuts, the Philosophy of Drawing Rooms, and the Politics of Dates: Grant Allen, Popular Scientific Journalism, Evolution, and Culture in the Cornhill Magazine.' In Louise Henson, et al, eds, Culture and Science in the Nineteenth-Century Media. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004.
Looks at 3 typical essays in the Cornhill, and GA’s characteristic blending of science and socio-cultural concerns.

Anderson, Anne. '"Doing as We Like": Grant Allen, Harry Quilter and Aesthetic Dogma,'  Journal of Design History, 18:4 (2005), 335-355.

Quilter led an attack on Allen's 'Philosophy of Drawing Rooms' and Aestheticism in interior design. 


Andrews, E.F. ‘Grant Allen on the Woman Question [letter],’ Popular Science Monthly, 36 (Feb 1890), 552-3.
Regretfully has to insist on what GA denies, that women should have a role as bread-winners.


Anesko, Michael. “Friction with the Market”: Henry James and the Profession of Authorship. Oxford UP, 1986.
Mine of information about James’s earnings, including over the period of GA’s career.


Anon. ‘World Biographies: Grant Allen,’ Literary World, 10:10 (10 May 1879).
Anon. ‘Literature as a Profession: A Fragment of an Autobiography by a Successful Author,’ Eclectic Magazine, 32 (Dec 1880), 699.

Anon. ‘Does Writing Pay? The Confessions of an Author,’ Belgravia (Jan 1881), 283-296.
A swaggering account of a successful career by a Jasper Milvain type. Could this be by George Sala?

Anon. ‘Grant Allen, MA,’ Dominion Illustrated, 05:07 (Jul 1890), 37.

Anon. ‘How Novelists Write for the Press. Fac-similes of the MSS of William Black, Walter Besant, Bret Harte, and Grant Allen [opening of “Jerry Stokes”],’ Strand, 1 (March 1891), 295-98.
No relevant notes on these facsimiles and only interesting for anyone who wants to see GA’s handwriting.
Anon. ‘Mr Grant Allen at Dinner,’ Speaker, 16 May 1891, 577-8.
Barely comprehensible squib – conversation between GA and Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler (1890) with a possible glance at For Maimie’s Sake. But there are contemporary references here now lost entirely.
Anon. ‘”The Man That Was Not Allowed”,’ National Observer: A Record and Review, 8 (6 Aug 1892), 291.
Extraordinary attack, possibly by W.E. Henley himself, or by Charles Whibley:
They say there is little of tragedy in the world; there would be less if there were no Mr Grant Allen. One knew that Mr Grant Allen was a person who wrote books of a certain order, complaining the while that the public would not allow him to write books of a different order; and the knowledge was discomforting. But until The Athenaeum appeared last Saturday, one had not seen this pitiful complaint expressed with adequate force and point.
 There is a note in our contemporary, headed ‘The Worm Turns,’ which has been ‘wrung out of’ Mr Grant Allen, because, having written—‘at white heat, in a glowing fever of moral enthusiasm’—‘a serious romance on a social theme’—some second Babylon, perchance, some sequel to Philistia—he was implored by a friendly publisher not to publish it. Mr Grant Allen being already a young man with a certain past, the publisher said that to publish this ‘serious romance’ would spoil Mr Grant Allen’s future. Therefore Mr Grant Allen, although this thing was ‘a part—a small part, a first instalment—of the authentic Message which, rightly or wrongly, I imagine the Power that inheres in the universe has implanted in me for transmission to humanity,’ intends to ‘destroy the manuscript.’ The consummation is, it would seem, a ‘tragedy!’ Picture it! The author of The Duchess of Powysland had ‘put his soul’ into this work. He had ‘put his religion’ into it. He had put as much as he could of the Power that inheres into it! But he ‘was not allowed’ (he never is) to publish it; and perhaps while we write it is being destroyed for ever and ever! You turn away in tears from this picture of noble struggle and heroic fall. But you stay for the moral. You cannot serve Art and Mammon. Nay, ‘the English author, unless rich enough actually to defy his public, must work under painfully soul-killing restrictions.’ Here is a difference. You can write, say, as Mr Sims writes; and you can also write as Mr Meredith. Shall you then write as Mr Meredith, and undergo such material privations as Mr Meredith may have borne for years? O dear no! You shall write as Mr Sims, and say you are ‘not rich enough to defy your public!’ ‘Twill be a tragedy, whereof the pathos may expressed in another analogy. You make soap for so much a year; for so much a year less you could make pictures. You go on making soap, and complain that you are not rich enough to make pictures. Truly, a just and manly complaint! As of a Hamlet, longing to make love to Ophelia and talk philosophy across the table, yet put inexorably upon the killing of Claudius and the avenging of his murdered sire. Yet are you better than he who, making soap, yet clamours for the credit for making pictures. This he who writes stuff which has no more concern with literature than his tailor’s bills, and insists that he is a man of letters. As a discerning tradesman you count him a useful and admirable citizen: it is not enough—he will be an artist.
The matter is of no great importance; but perhaps it were a pity if he were generally believed. He comes out of it all more profitably than poor Mr Grant Allen, with whom none but soft-hearted people (as ourselves) will sympathise. Ourselves, and his friends who have asked him, doubtless with throbbing anxiety, ‘Why do you never put anything of yourself, of your soul, of the genuine Grant Allen, into your novels?’ Their disappointment must be cruel. We are very sorry; it must be a dreadful sensation—to have an authentic Message implanted in you for transmission to humanity by a Power that inheres, and to be unable to transmit it, because ‘nobody would afterwards take any other novel’ of yours. And yet—and yet the thought will occur: now that poor Mr Grant Allen’s soul has been put into a serious romance, and the serious romance is destroyed, it may be that were have heard the last of the soul of poor Mr Grant Allen. Yea, even of Mr Grant Allen: original, authentic, unique in human history: The Man that Is Not Allowed, and tells the public all about it.
Anon. ‘Writers and Their Work, No. 50,’ Pearson’s Weekly, 104 (20 Aug 1892), ?? [BNL not fit for use – anyone with access to this?]
Anon. [prob. Corelli, Marie; Mackay, George Eric; Labouchere, Henry]. The Silver Domino; or Side Whispers, Social and Literary. 16th edition. London: Lamley & Co, 1894. First pub. 1892.
A book of scabrous satirical comment on writers of the day. In the last section, 19, ‘Byron Loquitur’, GA is condemned as follows, obviously in reference to his July 1892 Athenaeum letter:
GRANT ALLEN hath a ‘heaven-sent’ tale to tell,
But much he fears its utterance would not ‘sell’
Wherefore, to be quite certain of his cash,
He writes (regardless of his ‘inspiration’) trash;
Practical ALLEN! Noble, manly heart!
Wise huckster of small nothings in the mart, --
To what a pitch of prudence dost thou reach
To feel the ‘god,’ yet give thy thoughts no speech,
All for the sake of vulgar pounds and pence!
God bless thee, ALLEN, for thy common sense! (pp.342-3).
Anon. The Pen, as a Means of Earning a Livelihood, by an Associate of the Institute of Journalists. John Heywood, 1894.
Anon. ‘The Woman Who Wouldn’t Do (She-Note Series),’ Punch, or the London Charivari, 108 (30 Mar 1895), 153.
Witty parody of TWWD from someone who knew GA’s views and writing well.
Anon. ‘A Woman's View of Grant Allen's Free-love Novel,’ Literary Digest, 11 (15 June 1895), 7 --
Anon. ‘Mr Grant Allen’s Views,’ Natural Science: a Monthly Review of Scientific Progress, 7 (Sep 1895), 159-160.
Objecting to some points about inheritance GA made in his FR article of July 1895, ‘The Mystery of Birth’. Makes a good point that ‘the mystery of inheritance is not the mystery of assimilation, but something more. . . . Mr Grant Allen’s apparent simplification of the problem is attained only by ignoring it’ (160).
Anon. 'A Prophet Too Previous (To the Author of the 'Hill-top Novel'),' Punch, 110 (4 Jan 1896), 6.

Good-natured poetic lampoon directed against The British Barbarians and its author.

Anon. [Untitled], Academy, 18 March 1899, 317-318.
Brief biographical sketch, one in series of ‘prominent men of letters’. ‘He wrote better once than today, but that is only natural when his tremendous output is considered’. Photo portrait shows GA at desk, with microscope and typewriter.
Anon. ‘Death of Grant Allen,’ Dial, 16 (Jul/Dec 1899), 324.
Anon. ‘Mr Grant Allen’ [Obituary.] Academy, 57 (28 Oct 1899), 489.
Very brief notice, but an excellent, familiar photo. ‘Mr Grant Allen was not one author but an epitome of authors’.
Anon. ‘Death of Grant Allen,’ Bookman, 10:4 (Dec 1899).
Anon. ‘Obituary. Mr Grant Allen,’ Daily News, 26 Oct 1899, 6.
A longish, most accurate account. ‘He was at one time a frequent contributor to the Daily News, and our readers owe many a charming column of natural history to his pen’. “One of the main necessities of Science, he wrote in the preface to his small book on The Colour Sense, is the existence of that organising class whose want was pointed out by Comte, and has been further noted by Herbert Spencer. To this class I would aspire in a humble capacity to belong. But the organising student cannot also himself be a specialist in all the sciences whose results he endeavours to coordinate, and he must here depend for his data upon the original work of others”. That very well explains Grant Allen’s place among writers and scientists. He was not a profound scientific man in any direction, but he had a very wide knowledge of the general results of scientific progress and speculation, and he had a very happy knack of lucid interpretation and exposition. The Darwinian St Paul, somebody dubbed him and certainly his power of expounding and popularising Darwin’s teaching to those could not for themselves take it at first hand was very remarkable.’ ‘In the higher class of travel articles – in describing , for instance, the Etruscan walls of Fiesole or the mud delta of the Po, and in tracing all the historical and geological reflections suggest by them, he was at his very best. In some his later work, his weaknesses of temper and manner were allowed too great room. But if sometimes aggressive and irritating, Grant Allen was always suggestive and interesting. The amount of work which he turned out in his comparatively short life…was amazing, and there can be few contemporary writers who have alternately provoked and stimulated, alienated and attracted, so many readers…. There was nothing he so much resented as the suggestion that what he wrote was not written in earnest. Yet there was some justification of the charge in his defence, for he said: “Not in earnest? Why, for years I have been trying hard as a matter of business to imitate the tone of the people from whom I differ in every possible idea – religious, social, political, ethical, psychological, biological, philosophical, and literary – and now, now NOW I am jauntily informed “I am not in earnest”! In the same conversation which contained this curious vindication of his earnestness, Mr Grant Allen stated an interesting fact, showing his scrupulousness as a novelist. He said: “I sometimes distort a scientific detail purposely, so that no bad use should be made of it. I don’t think a murder of mine could be really carried out. In a story I once cut an ‘inhibitory’ nerve in my heroine’s eyelid, well knowing it could not have the effect I attributed to it; but my justification was that it was a supernatural story”.’
Anon. ‘Funeral of Mr Grant Allen,’ Daily News, 28 Oct 1899), 7.
’The funeral of Mr Grant Allen, the well-known novelist, etc took place yesterday (Friday), the remains of the deceased being cremated at the Brookwood Crematorium. There were numerous floral tributes surmounting the coffin, which was of papier mache covered with white cloth. At Woking Station it was met by Mr Jerrard Grant Allen, son of the deceased, Mr and Mrs Robert Fergusson, Mr Grant Richards, Mr Frank Whelan, Mr J.S. Cotton, Mr Rayner Storr, The Rev. GB Stallworthy, and Mr and Mrs Richard LeGallienne. The latter sent a large wreath of ivy, which was placed at the head of the coffin. . . Mr Frederic Harrison, addressing the mourners, said they were not there to take part in any religious ceremony, for it would be an outrage on the life and last wishes of Grant Allen that any theological hopes or invocations should be uttered over his helpless body now resting in the sublime stillness of death. His life was a battle of continuous protest against creeds and conventions of the world around him. He lived free of such bonds, and he died free of them’.
Anon. ‘Mr Grant Allen [obituary],’ Athenaeum, 28 Oct 1899, 589.
A judiciously sour obituary, claiming that GA regarded himself as a failure for taking up novel-writing and thereby wasting his talents. Protested by Grant Richards.
Anon. [Obituary]. Literature, 25 Oct 1899, 423.

Anon. ‘Death of Mr Grant Allen,’ Times, 26 Oct 1899, col.2.
Anon. ‘Report from Allen’s Funeral,’ London Chronicle, 28 Oct 1899).

Anon. ‘Grant Allen [obituary],’ Fortnightly Review, 66 (Dec 1899), 1005.
Anon. ‘Grant Allen [obituary]’, Literary Digest, 19 (18 Nov 1899), 610.
Anon. ‘Grant Allen [obituary]’, Writer, 12:11 (Nov 1899).

Anon. ‘The Late Grant Allen [obituary],’ Acta Victoriana, 23:03 (Dec 1899), 219.
Anon. ‘[Review of] Grant Allen: a Memoir, by Edward Clodd,’ Saturday Review, 7 July 1900, 21.

Anon. ‘The Writer's Trade,’ Academy, 59 (7 July 1900), 15-16.
Reflections on GA’s career as a Little Writer: “It may be that, two hundred years hence, not a single writer now living will be accounted a classic save only Mr Meredith”.
Anon. ‘[Review of] Grant Allen by Edward Clodd,’ Athenaeum, 16 June 1900, 749.
The reviewer wrote: “nor can anyone look at the bibliography appended to this volume without being astonished by the author’s amazing industry and versatility. Much as we admired Grant Allen’s powers, were hardly prepared for such a list” (749). That bibliography, of course, contained only a fraction of GA’s output.
Anon. ‘Portrait of Grant Allen,’ Canadian Magazine, 17 (May 1901), 16. 
Anon. ‘Charles Grant Allen’. Library of the World’s Best Literature, ed. Warner. New York[?]: J.A. Hill, 1902. 
Anon. ‘Grant Allen, Author, Dead,’ New York Times, 26 October 1899, 7, column 2.
‘He shared with Baring-Gould the distinction of being the most prolific English author of the latter half of this century, while in versatility he is said to have excelled any of his contemporaries. He was a novelist, a historian, an art critic, a physiologist and writer on evolution, a botanist, an entomologist, the author of works on natural science and dynamics and a traveller. . . he was also well known as a lecturer, especially on artistic and scientific subjects, to working-men.'
Anon. [Obituary]. Nature, 61 (2 Nov 1899), 13.
Rather a hypocritical notice, given the treatment meted out periodically in Nature: ‘All his scientific articles and books are attractively composed, and they have been the means of imparting much popular instruction to general readers’.
Anon. ‘Death of Grant Allen,’ New York Daily Tribune, 26 October 1899, 9, column 5.
Anon. ‘Mr Lang’s Tribute,’ New York Daily Tribune, 18 November 1899, 10, column 3.
Anon. ‘Sabine’s reminiscences,’ New York Daily Tribune, 25 November 1899, 8, column 6.
Anon. ‘Grant Allen on England’s Military Preparation,’ New York Daily Tribune, 24 February 1900, 10, column 1.
Anon. ‘Books and Literary Topics. Grant Allen’s Story Finished by Conan Doyle,’ New York Times, 17 March 1900, 170, column 1.
Anon. ‘Books and Literary Topics. Grant Allen’s Death and Things Said about Him,’ New York Times, 7 July 1900, 455, column 1.
Anon. [Discussion of GA’s ‘Sacred Stones’], Contemporary Review, 57 (Mar 1890), 353-365.
Anon. [Discussion of GA’s ‘Sacred Stones’], Athenaeum, 96 (18 Oct 1890), 516.
Anon. ‘The Immorality of Costliness,’ Spectator, 9 May 1891.
Response to GA’s ‘Democracy and Diamonds’, Contemporary Review, March 1891.
Anon. ‘The Sources of English Prosperity: a Reply to Grant Allen,’ Spectator, 4 March 1893, 280-1.
Probably a response to GA’s ‘Is England played out?’, reprinted in Post-prandial Philosophy.
Anon. ‘Grant Allen's Apotheosis of Sex,’ Literary Digest, 10:1 (3 November 1894).
Anon. ‘“Hill-top” Novels and the Morality of Art,’ Spectator, 23 November 1895, 722-724.   
Of The British Barbarians: “we find in it no protest in favour of purity, but a skit advocating free-love, suicide, adultery, and all sorts of offences against law, morality, religion and common-sense” 722. Nothing else but denunciation of the hill-top ‘school’.
Anon. ‘Mr. Grant Allen's Theogonies,’ Bookman, 7 (March/August 1898).
Anon. ‘Grant Allen: References from Writers,’ New York Daily Tribune, 24 June (sup) 1900, 12, col. 2.
Anon. ‘Grant Allen,’ Writer, 21:6 (June 1909).
Anon. ‘Grant Allen and Glenlivet’. [From The Northern Scot, in EC’s copy of GA; about Nov 1899].
Claims that the Scots family of Grant of Blairfindy was a Jacobite, ‘and in the ’45 his gallant sons took up arms, ready and willing to follow their Prince at the risk of life and lands. [After Culloden] ‘four sons of the old Laird of Blairfindy fled across the Atlantic to save their necks from the headsman’s axe, and made homes for themselves in the New World. From one of them Grant Allen was descended. His maternal grandfather was a Grant, and through marriage succeeded to a French-Canadian barony. One of the cherished possessions of the family is an autograph letter from Prince Charlie. … Glenlivet has therefore a just and honourable claim on the gifted and versatile Grant Allen … the old tower of Blairfindy, the home of his ancestors, still stands, strong and firm as it has done for centuries, looking down on the Livet as it glides under the birks and between the green braes on its way to the boundless ocean’.
Anon. [Review of Prehistoric Scotland by Robert Munro. London: Blackwood.] The reviewer quotes Munro: ‘The truth is that between language and race there is no permanent alliance. Many of the most sentimental and patriotic Scotsmen of the present day are Teutons by blood. . . And what a picture of mistaken identity do so many Englishmen present, when with the physical qualities of low stature, long heads, and dark eyes, they boast of their Teutonic origin! To console readers who may not find themselves labelled by nature among any of the original types which enter into our common nationality – neither dark nor fair, long nor short, dolichocephalic nor brachycephalic—but among the larger category of well-developed mongrels, let me assure them that no special combination of racial characters has ever yet been proved to have a monopoly of intellectuality and virtue’.
Anon. ‘(Charles) Grant (Blairfindie) Allen’. A Catalog of Crime. Edited by Jacques Barzun and Wendell Hertig. Taylor, Harper and Row, 1971. [Also brief comment on Hilda Wade]
Anon. ‘(Charles) Grant (Blairfindie) Allen’. The Encyclopaedia of Mystery and Detection, ed. Steinbrunner & Penzler. McGraw-Hill, 1976.
Anon. ‘Mr Grant Allen on Euclid,’ Journal of Education, 6 (1884), 175.
 
Ardis, Ann. New Women, New Novels: Feminism and Early Modernism. New Brunswick & London: Rutgers UP, 1992.
Scattered discussions of GA’s brand of feminism, his attitude to motherhood and his essential conservatism. Takes up Stead’s ‘boomerang’ notion (much repeated in modern terms by Showalter, etc) and tries to counter it with Fawcett’s position. Also discusses the line that Allen merely recuperates mid-Victorian sexual ideology despite posing as a radical.

Armstrong, Tim. "Supple Minds and Automatic Hands: Secretarial Agency in Early Twentieth-Century Literature." Forum for Modern Language Studies 37(2001):155-68.
Discussion of The Typewriter Girl.

 

Ashley, Michael, ed. ‘Grant Allen’. Who’s Who in Horror and Fantasy Fiction. Elm Tree Books.

Asimov, Isaac. ‘Grant Allen 1849-1899’ [sic]. Isaac Asimov Presents the Best Science Fiction of the 19th Century. Edited by Isaac Asimov, Martin H. Greenberg & Charles G. Waugh. Knightsbridge, 1991. 

 

Atchison, Heather. 'Grant Allen, Spencer and Darwin'. In Greenslade & Rodgers, eds, 2005.

Austin, Alfred. The Autobiography of Alfred Austin Poet Laureate 1835-1910. 2 vols. London: Macmillan, 1911, II, 193-4.
Contains a letter from GA on his ‘Spring’ article, pub. in April 1883. See NF Bibliography. Austin adds: ‘The same post brought me his charming book Colin Clout’s Calendar, with the following inscription in it: Poetae . Claro . Veris . Britannici . Vindicatori . Munusculum . Qualecunque . D .D. Paenitentiae . Pignus . Obscurus . Ignotus . Innominatus . Auctor.’

Baker, William & Ira B. Nadel. Redefining the Modern: Essays on Literature and Society in Honor of Joseph Wiesenfarth. Assciated UP, 2004.


[ Barrie , J.M.] ‘The Conspiracy Against Mr Grant Allen,’ National Observer, 1 (22 November 1890), 12-13.
Heavily ironical squib in dialogue form about Allen, calling him ‘The Man Who Is Not Allowed’. He was “not allowed” to write a great scientific work. He then turned to the project of writing “a great novel” but the public’s “action was so threatening that he had to desist. The public flung the great novel back in his face”. Not that he had actually written it: “It was not precisely written, but he had quite made up his mind to write it”, it was “if I may be allowed to use the expression, up his sleeve, but he dared not bring them down”. But has “the conspiracy against him…embittered his views of life?” “By no means. He never complains; he is indeed one of those gentle spirits that dislike speaking of themselves. Yet what science, what literature, he could produce if the public would allow him!” It is not clear exactly which of GA’s laments this refers to: possibly it’s his complaining piece ’A Literary Causerie’ published in the Speaker of 1 November 1890. However, he doesn’t exactly ‘threaten’ there to write a frank work if he could find a publisher. GA revealed later (in the painful letter to Henley) that it was this squib that he GA had in mind when he wrote his Athenaeum letter. 

 

Beckman, Linda Hunt. Amy Levy: Her Life and Letters. Ohio UP, 2000.
Comments: ‘The novelist Grant Allen ignores Levy’s Jewishness, focusing instead on her rejection of traditional Victorian notions about the path a woman’s life should follow. In an 1890 essay decrying higher education for women as an obstacle to the goals of the eugenics movement, he invokes her name: “A few hundred pallid little Amy Levy’s sacrificed on the way are as nothing before the face of our fashionable Juggernaut. Newnham has slain its thousands and Girton its tens of thousands”. The quotation is from ‘The Girl of the Future’. In the summer of 1889 Levy and a friend took a Dorking cottage and ‘discussed the Woman Question’. 177. GA probably formed his character ‘Blackbird’s’ repeated remarks about suicide from Levy’s collection A Minor Poet and Other Verse (1884), which deal repeatedly with death and suicide – they are fashionably pessimistic, even morbid.

Beer, Gillian. ‘Speaking for Others’ in Robert Frazer, ed. Sir James Frazer and the Literary Imagination: Essays in Affinity and Influence. Macmillan, 1990.
Comment on Great Taboo.

 

Beetham, Margaret. ‘Towards a Theory of the Periodical as a Publishing Genre,’ in Investigating Victorian Journalism, ed. Laurel Brake et al. Macmillan, 1990.

 

Bennett, Arnold. ‘Twenty Guinea Condensation Prize,’ Tit-Bits, 21 (19 Dec 1891), 192.
This called for a ‘condensation in six portions’ of What’s Bred in the Bone. Not a parody, but a (very) mildly humorous outline of the plot, designed to bring out its more absurd, or unlikely, details. Pretty thin stuff.

[Bennett, Arnold]. ‘The Fiction of Popular Magazines: An Inquiry,’ Academy, 63 (24 Feb 1900), 167-8.
[Bennett, Arnold]. The Truth about an Author. Constable, 1903.

Besant, Walter. ‘Literature as a Career,’ The Forum, 13 (Aug 1892), 693-708.

Birdwood, George. ‘Does India Pay?,’ St James’s Gazette, 1 (21 Oct 1880), 5.
Letter to the editor attacking GA’s article in the Contemporary Review. His arguments called ‘pitiable’.

Black, Clinton V. Spanish Town: The Old Capital. Spanish Town: The Parish Council of St Catherine, 1960.
Note this book in BL contains photos of the Old King’s House before the fire and a copy of a painting of the interior great hall.

Blackburn Harte, W. ’Some Canadian Writers of To-day,’ The New England Magazine, 9:1 (September 1890), 26, 33-34.
Minor biographical details. Contains a unique photograph. ‘He is a rapid worker, and under pressure can produce a lengthy scientific article full of facts, quotations, and statistics, without once stopping to refer to authorities in an almost unprecedented short time. . . . He has contributed innumerable articles on every subject under the sun to both American and English magazines. His versatility and the vast range of science and philosophy which is laid under contribution in his work, considered as a whole, is amazing’ (33).

Bland, Lucy. Banishing the Beast: English Feminism and Sexual Morality 1885-1914. London: Penguin, 1995.

Touches on GA’s social and sexual criticism at many points, showing how his views fit quite well with at least some feminist theory of the day.


Blathwayt, Raymond. ‘Mr Grant Allen at Home’. Interviews. With Portraits, and a Preface by Grant Allen. London: A.W. Hall, 1893, pp.68-75. This book, in poor condition in BL, has a slightly different Elliot & Fry photo of GA.
The interviewer reported GA saying: “I should still believe in Spencer’s Psychology if Spencer himself were to retract every word of it.” And further: “[GA] has in his mind a whole system of things . . . and if he was an independent man he would devote himself entirely to working out this system in its entirety; but as he has never had a farthing he has not earned, and there is a wife to clothe and a son to educate, he writes novels instead for Mudie’s young ladies, which, knowing him as well as I do, must involve on his part a self-repression which is as heroic as doubtless in the future it will be found to have been bracing and beneficial to the last degree” (p.72).
            ”I had an amusing talk with Grant Allen once about his writing. Said he, ‘My line is to write what I think the public wish to buy, and not what I wish to say, or what I really think or feel; and to please the public, for a man of my temperament and opinion, is not so easy as an outsider might be inclined to imagine. I began with a scholastic novel, Philistia, but when I offered it to magazines I was candidly told it would tend rather to deter than to attract subscribers. Socialism failing, I essayed domesticity, and produced Babylon: that did better, but didn’t set the Thames on fire. Then I tried a wicked novel, For Maimie’s Sake, but I suppose it wasn’t wicked enough or my natural innocence peeped through too obtrusively, and the young ladies who patronise the wicked novel didn’t seem to take to it. Perhaps the modesty natural to man prevents our being able to compete on this ground with lady novelists. After that I took to sensationalism pure and simple, and found it to pay a little better. Still, even now I could stand more pay, and be none the worse for it. When a man is ill half his time, and has to work as hard as he write for the remainder, he feels that a little less labour and a little more money might produce better results in the end’” (pp.72-3).
[On signed articles] ‘the self-respecting man dislikes to sign anything unless he can say absolutely and unreservedly all that he thinks on his subject. At present there is always a divided responsibility: an editor and an author share it between them. I have even known an editor insert a ‘not’ in a sentence in a signed article, so as to make the writer say the exact opposite of what he had intended’ 74.
This conversation gives a passing glimpse into the mind of this curiously-varied and richly-gifted man. But no words of mine can give an idea of the grace and delicacy and light fancifulness of his scientific writings. Here even the uninitiate may revel, the most inexperienced can rejoice. I once remember reading, with what pleasure I cannot say, his description of a swallow’s flight from the cold autumnal mists of England, across the chilly plains of France, down the wind-swept gorges of the gloomy Spanish mountains, across the blue Mediterranean, till it lost itself in the ocean of African sunlight far beyond’.

Blathwayt, Raymond. Through Life and Round the World: Being the Story of My Life. NY: E.P. Dutton, [nd; 1917?]

Blathwayt lost his job as an East-end curate (allegedly because, in a test, he could not give the Ten Plagues of Egypt in order) and was forced to share a room with a failed artist and live on penny buns. He had the inspiration to do ‘interviews’ then almost unheard of, and started with William Black for the PMG. He had no trouble getting it in print. ‘I had started my career as a writer, and that without any trouble whatever! It seemed too easy and too good to be true, but the cheque that arrived a few days after soon dispersed any fears I may have entertained as to the reality of my good fortune . . . (154) Of course, circumstances were very different when I started journalism in 1889 from what they are today, and no man now could possibly hope to succeed, actually in a moment, as I did. On one Monday I was practically starving; on the following Monday the cheques had begun that delightful flow which they have never altogether ceased ever since. It was as though I had gone into an oil district and at once started a “gusher” . . . never again, I suppose, certainly not within the working life of the young people of the present day, will such a golden era, journalistically speaking, present itself as presented itself to me. I reiterate that my success was due, not so much to my own merits, which were feeble enough, as to sheer luck. The moment I started in new papers began to flood the market. In quick succession arrived, and generally flourished too, the Daily Graphic, Strand Magazine, Idler, Pearson’s Magazine, Searchlight, Black and White, Pall Mall Magazine, Westminster Gazette, Star, Morning Leader, Answers, Windsor Magazine, and half a dozen more, and almost all of them engaged me to write for them. (157). B. describes GA as, in costume, ‘always a pleasure to look at. Tall and slight, in an admirably cut loose grey suit, with snowy collars and cuffs and very neat walking shoes, he might have been an ordinary country squire’ (267).


Blavatsky, H.P. ‘Mr Grant Allen’s Ideal of Womanhood,’ Lucifer, 6 (July 1890), 353.
An editorial article denouncing his ‘Girl of the Future’ article: she puts his views down to his ‘materialistic science’.

Bleiler, Everett F. Science-fiction: the Early Years. Kent State UP, 1990.
Contains synopses and very brief comments on several of GA’s stories and novels which have science-fiction themes.
Bleiler, Everett F. The Guide to Supernatural Fiction. Kent State UP, 1983.
Contains synopses and very brief comments on several of GA’s stories with supernatural themes.
Bleiler, Everett F. ‘(Charles) Grant (Blairfindie) Allen’. In Twentieth Century Crime and Mystery Writers, ed. Reilly. 2nd edition. St Martin’s Press, 1985.
Some short comments on GA as a writer of crime/mystery fiction.

Bonney, T.G. ‘The New Hedonism,’ Humanitarian: A Monthly Review of Sociological Science, 5 (July 1894), 106-113.
Attacks GA’s FR article of same name. What does it mean? ‘authors of this class are so fond of euphonious, but somewhat vague phrases’ 106. Not much else in here, and in any case GA said he agreed with most of his points about self-restraint, altruism etc.


Bower. F.O. ‘Mr Grant Allen’s Article on “The Shapes of Leaves”,’ Nature, 27 (12 Apr 1883), 552.
Severe criticism of GA as populariser of science: ‘Articles containing blunders of such magnitude, but written with that assurance of style which naturally carries conviction to the mind of the unwary, and disseminated through the country in a widely read journal like Nature, cannot but produce a rich crop of erroneous impressions. These it will be the arduous duty of teachers to eradicate.
’Everyone will agree that the popular writer must, before all things, be master at least of the first rudiments of the subject on which he writes: Mr Grant Allen has in two consecutive sentences shown himself singularly deficient in this respect’ (552).

Bowler, Peter J. The Eclipse of Darwinism: Anti-Darwinian Evolution Theories in the Decades around 1900. Baltimore/London: The Johns Hopkins UP, 1983.
Thorough study of the controversy over use-inheritance: the years of GA’s career are treated in Ch.4.


Bowyer, E.M.N. [Reply to GA’s article ‘An English Wife’], North American Review, 161 (Dec 1895), 759-760.

Braithwaite, Lloyd. ‘The Development of Higher Education in the British West Indies,’ Social and Economic Studies [West Indies], 7:1 (March 1958), 1-64.
Gives the history of the Queen’s College at Spanish Town and has some extra details about GA’s time there – e.g. that he ran into opposition from church groups. Unfortunately maddeningly imprecise about some of its references and quotations. Some of these are obviously from the Kingston newspaper, The Daily Gleaner.


Brantlinger, Patrick. The Reading Lesson. The Threat of Mass Literacy in Nineteen-century British Fiction. Indiana UP, 1998.
Linked essays, mostly too early; chapter on Stevenson & Gissing, very little relevance to apparent topic.

Britten, James. ‘Grant Allen on Human Sacrifice among the Abruzzi Peasantry,’ Month, 92 (October 1898), 390.


Brock, M.G. & Curthoys, M.C., eds. The History of the University of Oxford. VII: Nineteenth-Century Oxford , Part 2. Clarendon Press, 2000.
Oxford in the late 60s, during GA’s residence. Much useful detail.

Broks, Peter. ‘Science, Media and Culture: British Magazines, 1890-1914,’ Public Understanding of Science, 2 (1993), 123-139.

Brown, J.H. Balfour. Recollections Literary and Political. London: Constable, 1917.
’Mrs Leo Hunter made me known to Grant Allen, who even then, alas, had a cough which sounded like a knock on Death’s door. I think he had written The Woman Who Did. . .

 

Budd, S.C. ‘The Woman Who Did the Right Thing,’ Belgravia , 91 (1896), 337-


Bury, Blaze de. ‘Grant Allen’. Les Romanciers anglais contemporains, Paris: Perrin, 1900, pp. 113-125.


Cameron, Caroline Emily. The Man Who Didn’t, Etc. London: F.V. White, 1895.

 

Caracciolo, Peter L. ‘The Buddha under the Golden Bough: Central African Sculpture, Grant Allen, Edward Clodd and Heart of Darkness,’ L'Epoque-Conradienne, 1990, 87-103.

Carpenter, William B. ‘Vignettes from Nature,’ Nature, 25 (9 Mar 1882), 435-436.
Letter criticising some of GA’s comments about the size of extinct animals.
Carpenter, William B. ‘Vignettes from Nature,’ Nature, 25 (23 Mar 1882), 480-481.
Letter commenting on GA’s response to the above: ‘To me it seems far better that science should not be taught to the public at all than that by the use of the “vague but comprehensible language of ordinary life” such erroneous ideas should be propagated. I can assure Mr Grant Allen, from no small experience of popular science-teaching, that the public mind is quite capable of drawing a very clear distinction between “living” and “extinct” animals, and would urge him to keep the distinction steadily in view in anything he may hereafter write on the subject’ (481). William Boyd Carpenter was the ‘silver-tongued bishop of Ripon.’    

Chislett, William. ‘Grant Allen, Naturalist and Novelist,’ Moderns and Near-moderns: Essays on Henry James, Stockton, Shaw, and Others. The Grafton Press, 1928.
One of the few critical pieces which mentions most of GA’s novels, but the comment is cursory and often wildly inaccurate factually.

 

Clarke, George Herbert. ‘Grant Allen,’ Queen’s Quarterly, 45 (1938), 487-496.
A few minor extra details about GA’s ancestry, but otherwise lifted entirely from common published sources.

Cleve, Lucas [ie Adeline Georgina Isabella Kingscote]. The Woman Who Wouldn’t. London: Simpkin, Marshall, 1895.

Clodd, Edward. [Review of] ‘The Evolution of the Idea of God,’ Folk-Lore, 11 (1897), 63-4.
Clodd, Edward. [Obituary of GA], Daily Chronicle, 26 Oct 1899), 3.
Clodd, Edward. ‘Introduction’ to In Nature’s Workshop. London: George Newnes, 1900.
Brief introduction of 2pp.

Clodd, Edward. Grant Allen. A Memoir . . . with a Bibliography. London: Grant Richards, 1900.
A short, discreet, conventional & superficial Victorian 'Life and Letters', but the only substantial biography, by a good friend of GA’s. Reviewed in the The Times, 11 July 1900 and Independent, 22 August 1901; Academy, 58 (1900), 480, 547.
Clodd, Edward. Memories . . . with Portraits. 2nd ed. London: Chapman & Hall, 1916.
Pp.21-36 are devoted to GA, but apart from printing an invaluable amusing rhyming letter by GA describing a typical day during his time in Jamaica, they add little to his biography of 1900.
Clodd, Edward. ‘Grant Allen 1848-1899,’ Fortnightly Review, 106 (July 1916), 124-35.
Preliminary version of chapter in Memories, 1916.
 
Cobbett, Ethel. ‘Woman and Natural Selection,’ Humanitarian: A Monthly Review of Sociological Science, 4 (Apr 1894), 315-319.
Defends Wallace, attacks Strahan. ‘in a reformed society… a man who has himself to thank for his degeneracy will have little chance of finding a wife, and that his bad qualities will die out with himself. If people did not constantly throw fresh mud into the stream, its foulness would gradually disappear’ 316. However, there is still a implicit belief that women are better than men at loving the highest when they see it.

’Constant Reader’. ‘Grant Allen's Writing,’ Literary Review (10 February 1923), 451--

Cotes, Alison. ‘Gissing, Grant Allen and 'Free Union',’ The Gissing Newsletter, 19:4 (October 1983), 1-18.

 

[Cotton, James Sutherland: probable author]. ‘[Review of] Grant Allen by Edward Clodd,’ Academy, 58 (January/June 1900), 547. 
Clodd has a ‘deeply pathetic’ tale to tell, his life was ‘charged with tragic interest’. Having realised that writing on science and philosophy ‘meant starvation’ he ‘tried his hand at every branch of literature, and displayed a versatility which was truly marvellous. He achieved success; he became a known man, and commissions poured in. But success came too late. He had been constantly thinking, planning and scheming to produce wares to catch the literary market, and this ceaseless mental activity and worry wore him out, and cut short his life at a comparatively early age. He was never robust, and his burden was too much for him’ (547). Professes a feeling of ‘utter disappointment’ at Clodd. He does not answer his closing question, when he forgets ‘it was his bounden duty to assign a place to this hero and martyr, and to help time to form a correct verdict about him’. Also, ‘there is another background even more important than that of the family—namely, one of the social and intellectual antecedents of our time, so as to enable us and those who come after us to understand exactly where Allen took up “the burden and the lesson”, and what he has actually accomplished as a pioneer of evolution.’ Hammers Clodd’s bibliography seriously. ‘The writings are given in chronological order, which would be all very well for an author who kept to a definite pathway, and to whom dates were of consequence in order to establish his claims to originality. But Grant Allen did not keep to a definite pathway, but was philosopher, naturalist, physicist, historian, poet, novelist, essayist and critic. The efforts of a many-sided man like him ought not to have been given indiscriminately according to dates, but should have been tabulated according to subject-matter, and the tabulation should have been done in such a way as to show a definite purpose and a definite unfolding of a distinctive gospel.’ Mentions the omissions in Clodd’s appended bibliography.

C[otton], J[ames] S[utherland]. ‘Allen, Grant’. Dictionary of National Biography, 22 (Supplement), pp. 36-38.
Very accurate, judicious and contains a few biographical facts not in Clodd, but useless for GA’s writing career. Cotton was editor of the Academy. The revision of this by a R. Van Arsdel in the new print version Oxford DNB introduces several ridiculous factual errors, eg that Allen wrote parodies of his own novel!

Cowie, David. The Evolutionist at Large: Grant Allen, Scientific Naturalism and Victorian Culture. PhD. thesis, University of Kent at Canterbury. April 2000. British Library thesis service, DX 211016.
Large number of factual errors and must be read very cautiously & sceptically, but it is the first brave attempt to cover most of GA’s NF.

 

Coyne, W.P. ‘Mr Grant Allen and the New Hedonism,’ Month, 81 (June 1894), 468.

Craig, Patricia & Cadogan, Mary. The Lady Investigates: Women Detectives and Spies in Fiction. Gollancz, 1981.
Discusses Miss Cayley’s Adventures and Hilda Wade on pp. 25-28.

Cross, Nigel. The Common Writer: Life in Nineteenth Century Grub Street. Cambridge UP, 1985.
A mine of information about the late-Victorian writing trade and some of its most endearing and pathetic hacks.

 

‘Cross(e), Victoria’. [ie Annie Sophie ‘Vivian’ Corey Griffin]. The Woman Who Didn’t. London: John Lane, 1895. The Woman Who Did Not. NY: Roberts, 1895.
Often said to be a parody or an attack on GA; but it is neither. It is a sentimental romance – it too was published in Lane’s Keynotes series, and the title was presumably chosen to trade on GA’s success. The heroine is a married woman of rather a ‘fast’ character who high-mindedly resists the temptations of adultery.

Cunningham, A.V. ‘The New Woman Fiction of the 1890s,’ Victorian Studies, 18 (December 1973), 177-186.
Preliminary version of material in the following.
Cunningham, Gail. The New Woman and the Victorian Novel. Macmillan, 1978.
Contains many mentions in passing, and sustained comment on pp.59-64. Sets WWD into the context of New Woman fiction being produced at that time and defines GA as a key member of the ‘purity’ school who also gave it its swan song. Enlivened by the author’s pleasingly sardonic wit. Some of the detail of Allen’s career and the background to WWD is not quite accurate.

 

Cunningham, Valentine. ‘Darke Conceits: the Professions of Criticism’. In Jeremy Treglown & Bridget Bennett, eds. Grub Street and the Ivory Tower: Literary Journalism and Literary Scholarship from Fielding to the Internet. Clarendon Press, 1998.
Cunningham, Valentine. ‘Unto Him (or Her) That Hath’: How Victorian Writers Made Ends Meet,’ Times Literary Supplement, 11 Sep 1998, 12-13.

 

Dawson, John. Practical Journalism, How to Enter Thereon and Succeed. A Manual for Beginners and Amateurs. L. Upcott Gill, 1885.

 

Dellamora, Richard, ed. Victorian Sexual Dissidence. U. Chicago Press, 1999.


Dixon, Ella Hepworth. “As I Knew Them”: Sketches of People I Have Met on the Way. London: Hutchinson, 1930.
’Mr Grant Allen was a great talker, and he would sit up, quite late at night, in the beautiful house he had built at Hindhead, eating endless biscuits out of a tin and discoursing on every topic, including politics, sex, and botany. It was literally impossible to get a word in. After we had left, we heard that he had remarked: ‘The Miss Hepworth Dixons would be such charming girls, if only they didn’t talk so much!’” 136-7.


Dorson, Richard M. The British Folklorists: A History. Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1968.

 

Doyle, Arthur Conan. Memories and Adventures. 2nd ed. London: John Murray, 1930.
Brief breezy reminiscences (303-305), notably of GA's final days and death bed scenes with Doyle’s spiritualism well to the fore.

Draper, Harry Napier. ‘Fact and Fiction,’ Nature, 38 (5 July 1888), 221.
Letter objecting to GA’s use of a Rhumkorf coil to attract lightning to a tree in This Mortal Coil.

Duncan, David. Life and Letters of Herbert Spencer. Williams & Norgate, 1911.


Dunton, W.F. ‘Mrs Fawcett on the Marriage Question,’ Free Review (July 1895).

Dyer, W.T. Thistleton. ‘Deductive Biology,’ Nature, 27 (12 April 1883), 554-555.
Criticises GA severely for making extreme deductive generalisations in trying to deal with the evolution of the shapes of leaves. He had put his finger on GA’s main weakness in all of his ‘serious’ scientific work. ‘It is no doubt pleasant, even fascinating, to sit down at one’s desk and, having formulated a few fundamental assumptions, to spin out from these explanations of what we see in the world about us. But I think when done it should be understood that the result is merely a literary performance, and though, viewed in that aspect, one may admire the skill and neatness with which it is accomplished, I nevertheless venture to think that the whole proceeding is harmful’ (554). Dyer was a heavyweight of botany and soon to become the Director of Kew Gardens.

Egan, Maurice Francis. ‘[Review of] This Mortal Coil,’ Catholic World (April 1889), --

Eliot, Simon. ‘The Business of Victorian Publishing’. In Deidre David, ed. The Cambridge Companion to the Victorian Novel. Cambridge UP, 2001.

 

Ellmann, Richard. Oscar Wilde. Hamish Hamilton, 1987,

Mentions George Ives and the ‘New Hedonism’ controversy.


Elton, Oliver. Frederick York Powell: A Life and a Selection from His Letters and Occasional Writings. 2 vols. Clarendon Press, 1906.
From a letter to Clodd, 4 Apr 1895: ‘Is Allen still frightened over his book? I tried to reassure him. There is nothing new or startling in it, but he has managed to catch the Philistine’s ear. It is silly to bother about ‘answering’ his critics and he does not do it well.
He is such a good fellow and so earnest, and so deaf to the comic side of things that he has always an open place to be attacked in—and it hurts him.’ I, 187.


Ernst, Sabine. 'The Woman Who Did and 'The Girl Who Didn't': The Romance of Sexual Selection in Grant Allen and Menie Muriel Dowie'. In Greenslade & Rodgers, eds, 2005.


Fairclough, Henry Rushton. ‘Grant Allen’. Unpublished MS.
Some extra details on GA’s remoter family, but otherwise derivative. He was a professor at Stanford and GA’s brother-in-law.
Fairclough, Henry Rushton. ‘Grant Allen’s Personality,’ Montreal Life, 17 November 1890, 12-13.
Obituary article May be the same as the above MS

Fairclough, Henry Rushton. Warming Both Hands: The Autobiography of Henry Rushton Fairclough Including His Experiences under the American Red Cross in Switzerland Switzerland and Montenegro. Stanford UP and Oxford UP, 1941.
Stodgy memoir with a few details about the Grant family at Alwington; very little about GA .


Fawcett, Millicent G. ‘The Woman Who Did,’ Contemporary Review, 67 (1895), 625-631.
A formidable, witty, aggressively negative review-essay from one of the feminist leaders. 

Feltes, N.N. Literary Capital and the Late Victorian Novel. University of Wisconsin Press, 1993.
The Marxist background is tedious and old-fashioned, but fortunately it’s detachable from the useful if rather undigested & trivial concrete details of publication of novels by Besant, James, Corelli, etc. Allen not mentioned.

 

Ferguson, Christine. Language, Science and Popular Fiction in the Victorian Fin-de-Siecle: The Brutal Tongue. Ashgate, 2006.
Contains a chapter ‘Savage articulations in the romances of Grant Allen’.

 

Fernald, F.A., comp. Index to the Popular Science Monthly from 1872-1892 Including Volumes I to XL and the Twenty-one Numbers of the Supplement. D. Appleton, 1893.

Fernando, Lloyd. ‘New Women’ in the Late Victorian Novel. Penn State UP., 1977.


Fiamengo, Janice. ‘[Review of] The Woman Who Did. Edited by Sarah Wintle,’ Canadian Literature, Autumn 1997 n154 p153.

 

Forsdyke, Donald R. ‘Grant Allen, George Romanes, Stephen Jay Gould and the Evolution Establishments of Their Times … And Who Was the Kingston Lady?’ Historic Kingston, 52 (2004), 95-101.

 

Foster, Joseph. Alumni Oxonienses: The Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886: Their Parentage, Birthplace, and Year of Birth, With a Record of Their Degrees. Being the Matriculation Register of the University, alphabetically Arranged, Revised and Annotated. 4 vols. Oxford: Parker, 1888.

 

Freedman, Jonathan. Professions of Taste. Henry James, British Aestheticism, and Commodity Culture. Stanford UP, 1990.

Despite promising title, contains little on authorial habits/matters.

 

Freeman, Nick. '"Intentional Rudeness"? The British Barbarians and the Cultural Politics of 1895'. In Greenslade & Rodgers, eds, 2005.

Freeman, Nick. 'British Barbarians at the Gates: Grant Allen, Michael Moorcock and Decadence,'  Foundation:  The International  Review of Science Fiction, 30:83 (Autumn 2001), 35-47.

 

Friedrichs, Hulda. The Life of Sir George Newnes, Bart. Hodder & Stoughton, 1911.
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